Quant Fact Predictions now 33-20 (62.3%)

After a slow start, Louisville won a relatively close game.  Our quant fact prediction for the NCAA Men's Basketball national championship game selected Louisville to win -- albeit in a close game.  This makes our quant fact predictions correct 62.3% of the time (33-20) -- since we started the book's blog several years ago.


Carlton Chin, CFA, is a quantitative researcher and portfolio strategist for Price Asset Management and Adamah Capital, a fund manager specializing in alternative assets & Computer Aided Research & Trading (CARAT).  Jay Granat, PhD is a psychotherapist and founder of StayInTheZone.com.  

Carlton and Jay are particularly interested in factors related to sports psychology -- traits that can be more readily coached and practiced.  Our research has shown that these traits can help sports organizations improve performance -- and win championships.  

Repeatability: Consistency, Athletes & Traders?!?

Here's an excerpt from an article we wrote that makes the analogy between systematic approaches that financial traders apply AND rituals or habits that athletes use (to improve repeatability, and consistency).

Interestingly, psychotherapist and founder of StayInTheZone.com, Dr. Jay Granat notes that athletes use similar systematic techniques. Granat encourages his clients to come up with their own "ritual" to help with focus. This can take the form of tennis players bouncing the tennis ball three times before serving, or baseball batters taking several practice swings before each pitch, for example. 

In some ways, these rituals and habits are designed to improve repeatability -- and are an athlete's method of systematizing his or her approach.  Dr. Granat, who has worked with athletes of all levels, including Olympic gold medalists, has also worked with professional traders. 

Please read more here:
http://seekingalpha.com/article/879811-improving-investment-decisions-with-quantitative-analysis

Congrats to Andy Murray on winning the tennis US Open

Hearty congratulations go to Andy Murray on winning his first Grand Slam -- and to his coach, tennis great Ivan Lendl, who helped Murray on his path to a Grand Slam Championship.  In some ways, both Murray's and Lendl's stories -- are about how different people find their ways to championships in different ways.
Some champions have an easier route to success, but we're sure Andy Murray's U.S. Open win is very sweet to Murray and his camp.

In our blog, we often talk about championship characteristics such as "mental toughness" and confidence.  Murray followed his Olympic Gold Medal with this Grand Slam -- and this added confidence will only make Murray a tougher opponent for the current tennis triumvirate of Federer, Nadal & Djokovic.  Tennis fans are in for a treat because every major tournament now has at least four legitimate contenders.  Back in June, the NY Times had a good article on Murray and Lendl -- that was both prescient about the potential for success -- but was also questioning:

Tennis’s new odd couple flew back to Florida and put in two hard weeks in Delray Beach, and in his next semifinal encounter with Djokovic in the Dubai Duty Free tournament, Murray beat him soundly. The next day in the finals, however, he was smoked by Federer. The following week, still deflated, he lost his first match at Indian Wells in California, and by the time I caught up with Murray and Lendl at the next tournament, the Sony Ericsson in Key Biscayne, the sudden improvement was looking like the spike medical researchers find when the control group is given a placebo.

“Whenever there’s a new relationship,” says Todd Martin, who worked with Djokovic for eight months in 2009 and 2010, “hope springs eternal. This is the girl for me. This is the coach for me. I’ve picked the right college. But eventually reality sets in.” 

On Andy Murray's style:

In the era of power tennis, tactical niceties can seem obsolete. A player bangs his serve, runs around his backhand and whales away with his forehand until his opponent submits — and the prototype for this brute style was Lendl himself, who bludgeoned rivals with his one-off Adidas racket as if he were clubbing baby seals.

Murray, an avid boxing fan and admirer of the great counterpuncher Floyd Mayweather Jr., disdains haymakers. Instead of going toe to toe — or as Murray says, “flat, flat, flat” — he subjects his opponent to an unsettling mix of topspin and slice, hard and soft, low and high, angle and depth. As his mother puts it pithily, “Andy messes them about.”

In today's game of professional tennis, Lendl says:

“Tennis,” he told me later, “is basically a game where you try to create an opportunity for yourself to finish the point, because you can’t wait for the opponent to miss anymore. Well, if you create an opportunity and don’t take advantage of it, you let the opponent back to even, then you are just starting the point over, so you have to take advantage of them.”

On how Lendl could help him, Murray said:

“He was at the top of the game for a while before he broke through,” Murray says. “He knows about all that stuff. That was the other thing — he understands and is very sympathetic, whereas a lot of people aren’t.”

The NY Times article can be found here:

http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/24/magazine/can-ivan-lendl-lead-andy-murray-to-tennis-greatness.html?pagewanted=all

Championship Factors: Olympic Athletes

NBC uses a lot of air time to bring these close up looks of the athletes to the viewing public. And the network did a good job of communicating the nature of the time, money and energy sacrifices that the athletes and their families need to make to make it to this elite level of sports.

...

Over the years, I have been lucky enough to counsel a number Olympic athletes including four gold medal winners. These athletes were from a variety of sports including gymnastics, weight lifting, boxing, skiing and rowing.

This year, two clients of mine brought home gold medals. Because of client confidentiality regulations, I can not share very much about them. However, it was quite thrilling to see people who sat in my office on the gold medal platform. I have also interviewed three or four previous gold medal winners for my weekly column.

Not surprisingly, these athletes have great discipline, focus and resiliency. They also have great passion for their sport and their teammates. They also have strong feelings about representing their country.

Like the rest of us, they also have fear, anxiety and interpersonal conflicts with people in their lives.

What is really striking to me, however, is the fact that to a person, all of these remarkable athletes are quite humble, soft spoken and very respectful.

None of them were arrogant or grandiose. Rather, they were all quite genuine and down to earth.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/7228225 

The Power of a Positive Mental Attitude

In our articles and blog, we often talk about "championship characteristics" such as confidence, leadership, focus, playing at a high level (while minimizing errors), and experience.  Interestingly, many of these championship traits can be linked to having a "positive mental attitude."    

Cognitive psychologists suggest that an individual athlete's "explanatory style" is a significant factor in influencing sports performance.  Individuals with an optimistic explanatory style consistently outperform those with a pessimistic explanatory style. [Seligman, (1990);  Hanrahan & Grove (1990)].  Their work is based on 'attribution theory' - ie. on how people explain 'good' and 'bad' events that happen in their lives.  An individual's explanatory style can be used to determine their level of optimism or pessimism - and as a consequence, their performance potential in sport.

Read more here:
http://www.sportsmind.com.au/Article-Sports-Optimism.php

Here is a less academic look at sports psychology and how Jack Nicklaus used mental imagery -- for every shot!  Jack Nicklaus wrote:

"I never hit a shot even in practice without having a sharp in-focus picture of it in my head. It's like a colour movie. First, I "see" the ball where I want it to finish, nice and white and sitting up high on the bright green grass. Then the scene quickly changes, and I "see" the ball going there: its path, trajectory, and shape, even its behaviour on landing. Then there's a sort of fade-out, and the next scene shows me making the kind of swing that will turn the previous images into reality and only at the end of this short private Hollywood spectacular do I select a club and step up to the ball."

Read more here:

http://www.brianmac.co.uk/mental.htm

And from a NASA blog -- on positive mental attitude:

Some years ago I took a survival course; the instructor asked us all to guess what might be the most valuable tool to have in a survival situation.  Matches, compass, cell phone, water -- all good guesses, but the right answer:  a positive mental attitude.

Read more here:
http://blogs.nasa.gov/cm/blog/waynehalesblog/posts/post_1222290522818.html

There is also growing evidence of the power of positive thinking and healing.  Medical practitioners and doctors cite "good results" -- for serious cases and older patients -- especially for people with positive attitudes.  

From Bernie Siegel, MD:

To induce self-healing, love your life and body... 

Do what you love and what makes you happy. Eliminate the “shoulds” from your life. Prioritize humor in your life—see if you can laugh out loud a few times each day. Think about things that have made you laugh before. Sometimes just bringing those times back to mind is enough to enjoy another good laugh. I have been saying that laughter really is great medicine for a long time now, but recently more studies have shown that the immune system really does benefit greatly from humor...

Surround yourself with positive people...  Be good to yourself and nourish your life with positive, supportive, loving thoughts...

http://berniesiegelmd.com/2012/02/q-a-with-bernie-february-27-2012/


We thought we would end this article on some approaches that champions use to gain an optimistic and positive mental attitude.  

CHAMPION FEELINGS
What do champions feel? How do they use their emotional states to generate excellence in themselves? What champion feelings do they choose? I've listed some below that I've identified in peak performers. Perhaps you can think of others. Why not choose, right now, to experience one of the following champion feelings :

• Joy - a feeling of intense happiness
• Enthusiasm - a feeling of being fully alive and energised
• Purpose - a feeling of certainty and direction in your life
• Determination - a feeling of being fully committed to a task or goal
• Courage - a feeling of strength in the face of adversity or risk
• Focus - a feeling of pinpoint concentration
• Love - a feeling of caring, and giving of yourself
• Adventure - a feeling of excitement and challenge
• Momentum - a feeling of moving to a destination
• Belonging - a feeling of connection to others
• Timing - a feeling of being in perfect sync with outside forces

Read more here:
http://www.sportsmind.com.au/Article-Champion-Thoughts-Champion-Feelings.php

Who Will Win Super Bowl XLVI? (2012: Giants vs. Patriots)

With an eye toward quantitative analysis that attempts to identify factors that are as independent from one another as possible, five key statistical factors were identified. These statistics are related to principles of sports psychology like experience, leadership, error control, confidence and consistency. With the Giants’ surge late in the season and during the playoffs, we also looked at momentum.


...


...  how do we account for the Giants’ momentum? We studied teams that reached the Super Bowl with less impressive regular-season records. Since 1990, when the N.F.L. went to its current playoff format, teams with 11 wins or fewer during the regular season have gone 4-7 in the Super Bowl. This includes Green Bay’s win last year and the Giants’ championship from four years ago; both teams had a 10-6 record during the regular season.
___

Long-story short: our championship factors point to New England.  We'll highlight additional Super Bowl stats by Sunday morning.


Read more here:
http://fifthdown.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/04/keeping-score-championship-factors-for-giants-and-patriots/#more-98635

Quant Facts now 26-15

Our "quant fact" predictions, related to our book's research, are now 26-15.  Stay tuned for more quant fact predictions as the NFL playoffs heat up.

Thanks to Alabama's air-tight defense in the 2012 BCS Championship, our "Who Will Win the Big Game?" blog  predictions improved to 26-15. Our championship factors relating to sports psychology picked Alabama because of their edge in defense, recent big game experience, coaching, and rushing game.

Co-Author of "Who Will Win" interviews Shannon Miller

One of the authors, Dr. Jay Granat, of "Who Will Win the Big Game?" had a chance to sit down with Olympic Gold Medalist and two-time All-Around World Champion gymnast Shannon Miller to discuss mental toughness, getting into "the zone," and what it takes to be a winner.

Some excerpts:

Q: Shannon, almost every athlete wants to learn how to get into the zone more often. Many of the athletes who come to see me for counseling ask about how they can best do this. How would you describe the zone?

A: The zone is the place you enter where everything else disappears. If there are television cameras or a million people watching you, it does not matter. For some people, entering the zone is innate. For others it is learned. For me, it was a combination of both.

Q: Managing injuries is an issue for many gymnasts and for many athletes. How did you learn to perform when you were not feeling well?

A: No athlete is healthy 100 percent of the time. I learned that working through a sickness or injury, being able to truly focus on the competition at hand was an extremely important skill. At the Olympics in 1996, I was battling a severe wrist injury. Not only was I having to learn how to train and compete with the pain but also understanding the importance of doing "smart" gymnastics.

Q: Were you born mentally tough?

A: I'm not really sure. I know that I was not the strongest, most flexible or most naturally talented athlete. I knew that I had to find another route to success. For me it was hard work. I was a work horse. I also found that being mentally tough; not allowing others to derail you or get into your head made me a fierce competitor."

Q: Do you have three tips for athletes who are trying to excel at their sport?

A: Set long and short term goals. Don't limit what you can accomplish and don't let others limit you in any way. Keep believing in yourself every day.

Read more here:

http://www.northjersey.com/community/family/reflections/136792228_How_does_an_Olympic_champion_stay_mentally_tough_.html?c=y&page=1

Dr. Jay Granat, a psychotherapist and sports psychologist, is co-author of "Who Will Win the Big Game? A Psychological & Mathematical Approach" with Carlton Chin, CFA, an MIT-trained "quant" and fund manager. Granat is founder of StayInTheZone.com and Chin is chief investment officer of CARAT / Adamah Capital.

Quant Facts: 25-15

Our "quant fact" predictions dropped to 25-15, with the Texas Rangers failing to close out the World Series (by yielding leads two times) in Game Six.  Congratulations to both teams on a great season and an exciting World Series.

Several people have commented about our analysis and lamented about the lack of hard-core, deep, analysis.  While we perform very serious research in other sports and financial work, our analysis for our book, "Who Will Win the Big Game?" -- and series of blog posts and articles -- is fairly simple, and is meant to demonstrate the power of sports analytics applied to concepts of sports psychology.  Our methods focus on statistics that relate to championship characteristics such as consistency, leadership, experience, and minimizing errors.

While we have developed game simulators that can predict, with more precision, the probabilities of certain events occurring in major sports such as baseball and football -- our more "simple"methods come up with interesting angles and sometimes pick underdogs.

If we want a more complex analysis, we can use our game simulators.  Or, we can apply all kinds of modern-day sabermetric-type analysis and try to come up with an edge.  But will it really be an edge?

If we use these methods and attempt to use them at sports books in Nevada, we do not believe there will be much of an edge over the casinos.  After all, that's their job: they are oddsmakers and the odds they put out are fairly "sharp" -- especially when factoring in how the oddsmakers will "balance" their book of business.

If we use complex analysis -- we will probably come up with similar results of the sports books.  This, then, yields no edge, as we will have to pay for the more expensive odds that the favorite would require.  On the other hand, our methods sometimes pick underdogs (such as New Orleans over the Colts in Super Bowl XLIV [winner], or Flyers in 2010 Stanley Cup Playoffs [loser], and March Madness -- where we have been particularly successful).

In my work with Dr. Jay Granat, we use fairly simple methods to quantify concepts of sports psychology.  While some of these methods seem "simple," they demonstrate the power of sports analytics and sports psychology.  We believe that this approach can uncover edges in sports.

NY Times: Which Team has the Right Stuff to Win the Cup?

Below is an excerpt on our analysis on the NHL Stanley Cup Finals:

Focusing on concepts of sports psychology, we looked at factors such as big-game experience, leadership on the ice and consistency. So important are these concepts to winning championships that they have proven to be common themes across all sports we have studied.

...

During the period of high-powered N.H.L. scoring from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s, offensive leaders were more easily able to carry their teams to championships as Wayne Gretzky did with the Edmonton Oilers and Mario Lemieux did with the Pittsburgh Penguins.

...

Over all, championship factors like offensive leadership and defense favor the Vancouver Canucks to win the Stanley Cup. But Thomas may have something to say about that.

Read more here:

http://slapshot.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/05/30/keeping-score-which-team-has-the-right-stuff-to-win-the-cup/

Who Will Win the NBA Finals?

Here is an excerpt from our analysis on the NBA Finals, published in the NY Times:

Keeping Score: Championship Characteristics in the N.B.A. Finals

By CARLTON J. CHIN and JAY P. GRANAT

After analyzing the championship games or series of the N.F.L., N.B.A., Major League Baseball and N.H.L., and the major finals in golf and tennis, we identified 50 championships characteristics in our book, “Who Will Win the Big Game? A Psychological and Mathematical Method.”

Based on this research, we focused on several championship characteristics that might help predict the winner of the N.B.A. finals, which start Tuesday night in Miami.

Last year’s analysis highlighted leadership factors and correctly predicted that the Lakers would win the championship.

Read more here:

http://offthedribble.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/05/31/keeping-score-championship-characteristics-in-the-n-b-a-finals/

NBA: Eastern Conference Finals

There is a lot of interest in the NBA Conference Finals between the Miami Heat and the Chicago Bulls.  Based on an analysis of factors related to the NBA factors we have researched in our book, "Who Will Win the Big Game?" -- and applied for the NY Times for last year's NBA Finals, we favor the Miami Heat over the Chicago Bulls.  Here are several of the key factors (2 factors for Miami; 1 for Chicago):

• Leadership -- and star power.  LeBron James has his fans -- and his detractors...  In either case, he is an NBA "great" who can control the game and help "will" his team to victory.
• Consistency -- field-goal percentage points to Miami over Chicago.
• Defense -- points to Chicago.  

This prediction will count for our blog's "official" quant fact results.

Quant Fact Predictions now 23-11

Since "Who Will Win the Big Game?" (A Psychological and Mathematical Approach) was published about a year-and-a-half ago, the book's analysis and "quant fact" predictions have made it into the NY Times and Wall Street Journal -- as well as other media outlets.

Jay Granat and Carlton Chin quantify key concepts of sports psychology -- and with the recent March Madness article in the New York Times -- the book's blog's predictions have now put together a 23-11 record.  The "quant facts" sometimes point to surprises and upsets, so the 23-11 record shows the importance of championship characteristics such as experience, leadership (both on the field and coaching), consistency, and minimizing errors.


Jay Granat, PhD is a sports psychologist and founder of StayInTheZone.com.  Carlton Chin, CFA, is a portfolio manager and quantitative researcher for Adamah Capital, a hedge fund specializing in alternative assets & Computer Aided Research & Trading (CARAT).  Jay and Carlton are particularly interested in certain factors that can be coached and practiced.  Their research has shown that these traits can help sports organizations improve performance -- and win championships.  

Final Four Factors - 2011

Here is an excerpt from our analysis of the Final Four of the 2011 Men's NCAA Basketball Tournament.

In our book, “Who Will Win the Big Game? A Psychological and Mathematical Method,” we analyzed the championship games or series of the N.F.L., N.B.A., Major League Baseball and N.H.L., and the major finals in golf and tennis, to identify championship characteristics. Based on that research, we are again focusing on the factors that might help predict the winner of the N.C.A.A. men’s basketball tournament. Last year’s analysis correctly predicted that Duke would win the championship, and that Butler would be a threat to Michigan State in the semifinals.

The championship factors and quant facts point to Connecticut and Butler advancing to the final.  These predictions will count for our blog's official "quant fact" selections.  We'll also clarify our quant fact prediction for the 2011 March Madness champion before Monday's Championship Game.

Read more here:
http://thequad.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/04/02/keeping-score-the-traits-of-a-winning-team/

Super Bowl, Championship Factors & Quant Facts Recap

Congratulations to the Green Bay Packers and their legions of fans.

Green Bay's Super Bowl victory drops our book's blog's record to 20-11 in "quant fact" predictions, still impressive considering that our championship factors sometimes make interesting predictions (like picking the underdog) based on a quantitative analysis of concepts of sports psychology.

As usual, even at a high level of competition, errors are often the deciding factors in championships.  It is notable that this is true not only for athletes, but success in many activities.  Athletes need to perform at a high level of competition while minimizing mistakes.  Some of the traits associated with "minimizing errors" include championship characteristics such as consistency factors, experience, and confidence.  

That is, players and teams that are experienced, confident, and good at the more "consistent" tasks -- will tend to make fewer mistakes and prevail.  The "quant facts" we have studied with respect to sports psychology help to "put the wind at our backs" -- and can be useful characteristics for any sports orgranization -- at any level.

In Super Bowl XLV, we predicted that the Pittsburgh Steelers would prevail based on a variety of championship traits.  Our factors showed that play-in and play-out, the Steelers would tend to control the game better -- and would tend to have fewer mistakes.  However, the game needs to be played out -- and in Super Bowl XLV, the Green Bay Packers made fewer mistakes -- and won the big game.

Super Bowl Quant Facts & Sports Psychology (NY Times)

Here is an excerpt from our article, picked up by the NY Times, where we try to quantify key concepts of sports psychology to study methods of building and developing winning teams and champions.

In our book, “Who Will Win the Big Game?,” we studied factors related to sports psychology that might help predict the winner of the Super Bowl. The results are based on every Super Bowl starting in January 1967, or forty-four games. With an eye towards key concepts of sport psychology, as well as statistical analysis that attempts to identify factors that are as independent from one another as possible, five key statistical factors were identified. These statistics are related to principles of sport psychology like experience, leadership, error control and consistency. So important are these concepts to winning championships that they have proven to be common themes across all major sports. Last year these factors accurately predicted a Saints’ victory over the Colts.

Jay Granat and Carlton Chin study and quantify championship characteristics related to sport psychology.  They are particularly interested in qualities that are more readily coached, taught, and practiced.

The entire article can be found at NYTimes.com: (entire link below)
http://fifthdown.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/02/03/keeping-score-which-stats-can-predict-a-super-bowl-winner/

With Djokovich winning the championship at the Australian Open, our blog's "quant fact" predictions have compiled a 20-10 record -- often picking underdogs to win major championships.

We'll have more Super Bowl info on our blog over the next few days.

Australian Open Men's Final

Australian Open tennis always seems capture our interest, with the lull in sports before the Super Bowl -- and the allure of the hot Aussie weather in the middle of cold winters here in the northeast US. (This is particularly true with so many snowstorms -- making people snicker about global warming!)

In the men's championship at the Australian Open, we have a rare final with neither Federer nor Nadal playing for the first Grand Slam of the season. Here are some "quant facts" for the men's final:

• Based on "Big Point Performance (BPP)," a slight edge goes to Djokovic over Andy Murray. We developed "BPP" in our book, "Who Will Win the Big Game?" -- a statistic that looks at performance on key points in a match. Murray played the big points huge in his semifinal match win over Ferrer, but the edge goes to Djokovic when studying both the quarterfinals and semifinals.
• The head-to-head match-up goes to Djokovic, who leads Murray 4-3.
• In Grand Slam finals, Djokovic is 1-2, while Murray is 0-2.

All three factors point to Djokovic, so we will go with Novak Djokovic to claim his second Grand Slam.

"Quant Facts" -- Sports Prediction Update

The Packers and Steelers advanced to the Super Bowl -- and their victories in the NFL Conference Championships brings the book's blog's record to 19-10 for our "quant facts" predictions.

We have studied concepts of sports psychology and quantified certain championship characteristics based on decades worth of data from the finals of major sports ranging from the NFL and MLB, to the NHL, NBA, and even golf and tennis. The indicators -- sometimes pick underdogs -- and relate to concepts such:

• Experience,
• Leadership,
• Consistency,
• Minimizing errors, and
• Confidence.

Our work for the finals of major sporting events is often picked up my major media such as the NY Times and the Wall Street Journal, so keep your eye on our blog. We'll hopefully link to an article if it is picked up by a major newspaper.

NFL Conference Championships

As we prepare our analysis for the Super Bowl -- we took a look at what the quant facts say about the NFL Conference Championships. Our "research project" and book -- studies the results of championship finals in many of the major sports over the past 20-30 years. We have quantified key concepts of sports psychology, championship characteristics, and winning factors.

In the NFL Conference Championships, an early look at our championship factors points to Green Bay beating Chicago and Pittsburgh beating the Jets. In particular, we look at key concepts of sports psychology such as:

• consistency,
• defense, and
• minimizing errors.

We'll have more details about the factors we focus on -- in our Super Bowl analysis -- once the finalists are decided. Enjoy the games.

___

As we get ready for the Super Bowl, here is one of last year's popular articles we did for the NY Times (on Square Pools):

http://fifthdown.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/02/07/how-to-spot-a-winner-in-a-squares-pool/

Carlton Chin and Jay Granat are authors of, "Who Will Win the Big Game?" -- which takes a quantitative look at concepts of sports psychology. They have been quoted in the New York Times, Wall St. Journal, and CBS.

Nice mention for book's research

Our book (available at Amazon) and research got a nice mention at this golf website. Here's an excerpt:

Some experts focus on conventional football statistics like: points tallied, points let, number of acquires, number of losses, turnovers, takeaways, yards derived, yards let, quarterback ratings, momentum, margin of victories, margin of losses and modern performances. And these measures are applicable

However, Dr. Granat and Carlton Chin show how moral toughness, training, leadership, focus, errors, social relationships, attitude, and ability to get into the zone lend to success in ample games. And they have nonverbal data which support many of their theories.

“I enjoy applying my approaches to the world of sports,” remarked Carlton Chin.

The new book, published by World Audience, Inc., is named Who Will Win The Big Game? 50 Characteristics of Champions. This easygoing to scan steer identifies the key mental and nonverbal issues that coaches, fans, team owners, sports executives, athletes and bettors necessitate to be consider when evaluating two top teams or two top athletes that are meeting in an ample game.

For the complete text, please visit:

http://www.golf-carts-etc.info/who-will-win-the-super-bowl-and-why-new-book-shows-how-psychology-and-math-predict-winners-of-top-sporting-events/